Download Bioethical Decision Making and Argumentation by Pedro Serna, José-Antonio Seoane PDF
By Pedro Serna, José-Antonio Seoane
This publication clarifies the which means of crucial and pervasive techniques and instruments in bioethical argumentation (principles, values, dignity, rights, tasks, deliberation, prudence) and assesses the methodological suitability of the most tools for scientific decision-making and argumentation. the 1st a part of the e-book is dedicated to the main built or promising ways concerning bioethical argumentation, specifically these in keeping with ideas, values and human rights. The authors then proceed to house the contributions and shortcomings of those ways and recommend additional advancements by way of substantive and procedural components and ideas from functional philosophy, normative platforms concept, thought of motion, human rights and felony argumentation. moreover, new versions of biomedical and healthiness care decision-making, which conquer the aforementioned feedback and rigidity the relevance of the argumentative accountability, are included.
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Example text
This is what makes values dangerous and uneasy, because we do not know what they are or how to handle them. Nevertheless, they are an essential part of human life and a constituent element of any project. Facts and values are articulated in each human project in order to make a decision, constituting the third stage of the project. This process has a cognitive moment, which gives us the “facts” to be taken into account, and an emotional one, which will make the project more or less attractive and “valuable”, more or less appreciated, more or less beautiful, useful, etc.
In a case of injustice, justice should be promoted; in a case of war, peace; and so on. But values can come into conflict, something that happens when there are two or more values at stake, so that if we try to carry out one of them, we can harm the other. That is why a conflict of values comes down in the end to a conflict of duties, the problem being how to determine which duty is the correct one. A possible solution could be to order the values at stake according to their “rank” or “hierarchy”.
Forty years ago there were no universally recognized rules of research ethics, but today we can see a vast similarity, in countries on every continent, in professional codes, laws, and regulations governing research with human subjects. Any differences in the rules of countries are insignificant in comparison to the similarities in the shared moral principles and regulatory norms governing how biomedical research can and cannot be conducted. Some of these rules were three decades ago met with skepticism in many professional societies, but today they are universally accepted in research ethics.