Download Comparative Effectiveness Research: Evidence, Medicine, and by Carol M. Ashton PDF
By Carol M. Ashton
For all its expenditures, flaws, and inequities, American future health care is essentially rooted in a trust that remedy will be in response to stable medical learn. To this finish, among 2003 and 2010, 3 various federal legislation have been enacted, the latest being the reasonable Care Act of 2010, that mandated new federal investments in one of those medical study known as comparative effectiveness study (CER) — study into what works top in remedy. Comparative Effectiveness study: proof, drugs, and coverage offers the 1st whole account of the way — and why — the government made up our minds to make CER an immense function of well-being reform. regardless of previous legislative uptake of coverage proposals on CER, aid for federal mandates took dramatic twists and turns, with eventual compromises solid amid failing bipartisan alliances, specific pursuits, and mobilized public opinion. in accordance with exhaustive learn and first-hand interviews, the authors study the place CER matches within the creation of medical proof in regards to the merits and harms of remedies for human ailments and prerequisites. Their paintings bargains sobering affirmation that modern American remedy falls, no longer strangely, good in need of the evidence-based perfect. Comparative Effectiveness examine demonstrates that dealing constructively with the colossal uncertainties inherent to treatment calls for guidelines to make the iteration of high quality proof an inseparable a part of regimen wellbeing and fitness care.
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Additional resources for Comparative Effectiveness Research: Evidence, Medicine, and Policy
Sample text
Brody H. The doctor as therapeutic agent: a placebo effect research agenda. In: Harrington A. The placebo effect: an interdisciplinary exploration. Boston: Harvard University Press, 1997: 77–92. 26. Wood L, Egger M, Gluud LL, et al. Empirical evidence of bias in treatment effect estimates in controlled trials with different interventions and outcomes: meta-epidemiological study. BMJ 2008;336:601–5. 27. Freiman JA, Chalmers TC, Smith H Jr, Kuebler RR. The importance of beta, the type II error and sample size in the design and interpretation of the randomized control trial.
Systematic review: comparative effectiveness and harms of treatments for clinically localized prostate cancer. Ann Intern Med 2008;148:435–48. 34. Wilt TJ, Brawer MK, Barry MJ, et al. The prostate cancer intervention vs. observation trial: VA/NCI/AHRQ Cooperative Studies Program #407 (PIVOT): design and baseline results of a randomized controlled trial comparing radical prostatectomy to watchful waiting for men with clinically localized prostate cancer. Contemp Clin Trials 2009;30:81–7. 35. Wilt TJ, Brawer MK, Jones KM, et al.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, nearly a million American men received a diagnosis of prostate cancer between 2001 and 2005. From a smorgasbord of 10 different interventions, these men selected what they hoped was their best treatment choice. What was the state of the evidence upon which their doctors’ recommendations and their own decisions were based? 33 Only 18 of them were reports of randomized controlled trials of a prostate cancer treatment in men with clinically localized disease.