Download Real World OCaml: Functional programming for the masses by Yaron Minsky, Anil Madhavapeddy, Jason Hickey PDF
By Yaron Minsky, Anil Madhavapeddy, Jason Hickey
This fast-moving instructional introduces you to OCaml, an industrial-strength programming language designed for expressiveness, defense, and pace. in the course of the book’s many examples, you’ll quick find out how OCaml sticks out as a device for writing speedy, succinct, and readable platforms code.
Real global OCaml takes you thru the techniques of the language at a brisk velocity, after which is helping you discover the instruments and strategies that make OCaml a good and functional software. within the book’s 3rd part, you’ll delve deep into the main points of the compiler toolchain and OCaml’s easy and effective runtime system.
study the principles of the language, corresponding to higher-order services, algebraic info forms, and modules
discover complex gains corresponding to functors, top notch modules, and objects
Leverage center, a complete general-purpose regular library for OCaml
layout potent and reusable libraries, taking advantage of OCaml’s method of abstraction and modularity
take on sensible programming difficulties from command-line parsing to asynchronous community programming
research profiling and interactive debugging options with instruments corresponding to GNU gdb
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Extra info for Real World OCaml: Functional programming for the masses
Example text
Thus, the following declarations are all equivalent. Note that [] is used to represent the empty list and that :: is right-associative: OCaml utop (part 29) 12 # # # - [1; 2; 3];; : int list = [1; 2; 3] 1 :: (2 :: (3 :: []));; : int list = [1; 2; 3] 1 :: 2 :: 3 :: [];; : int list = [1; 2; 3] | Chapter 1: A Guided Tour The :: operator can only be used for adding one element to the front of the list, with the list terminating at [], the empty list. There’s also a list concatenation operator, @, which can concatenate two lists: OCaml utop (part 30) # [1;2;3] @ [4;5;6];; - : int list = [1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6] It’s important to remember that, unlike ::, this is not a constant-time operation.
Functional code is the default in OCaml, with variable bindings and most data structures being immutable. But OCaml also has excellent support for imperative programming, including mutable data structures like arrays and hash tables, and control-flow con‐ structs like for and while loops. Arrays Perhaps the simplest mutable data structure in OCaml is the array. Arrays in OCaml are very similar to arrays in other languages like C: indexing starts at 0, and accessing or modifying an array element is a constant-time operation.
Options Another common data structure in OCaml is the option. An option is used to express that a value might or might not be present. For example: OCaml utop (part 37) # let divide x y = if y = 0 then None else Some (x/y) ;; val divide : int -> int -> int option =