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By Alfred Slager
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Additional resources for Internationalization of Banks: Strategic Patterns and Performance
Example text
1). When banks show a negative difference in profitability, is this caused by a relatively lower profitability of foreign activities or a relatively higher profitability of domestic activities? 2. On the vertical axis, the difference between foreign and domestic profitability is shown (pD), and on the horizontal axis the total profitability is shown. 1. 01, n=30). There is one outlier, Fortis, reporting a relatively higher difference between foreign and domestic profitability than would have been expected given the general negative relationship.
Where other banks accelerate their growth, mostly by acquisitions, these banks prefer to continue a strategy combining greenfields and/or small acquisitions. In some cases they are simply restricted by earlier actions (Commerzbank internationalization activities lagged behind its domestic Realized internationalization strategies 41 competitors because it had accumulated less reserves in the 1980s) or focus: Argentaria was created as a domestic oriented bank, and Rabobank had a strong domestic base.
In other words, an internationalization threshold is identified at the point where incremental costs of internationalization start to outweigh incremental benefits, implying that banks should not overstep this (degree of) foreign expansion. Besides a J or U curve, a horizontal S shape has also been proposed to explain the link between performance and internationalization, aiming to reconcile the conflicting quadratic curve types. Here, two types of costs associated with internationalization are identified.