Download Soviet-Egyptian Relations, 1945–85 by Mohrez Mahmoud El Hussini PDF
By Mohrez Mahmoud El Hussini
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Extra resources for Soviet-Egyptian Relations, 1945–85
Example text
Stalin tried to create a favourable position for the USSR in the region. His policy aimed at the abrogation of the Montreux Convention of 1936 and its replacement by a more favourable agreement. 5 He intended to establish a joint Soviet-Turkish defence of the Turkish Straits. During a visit to Moscow (25 September-17 October 1939) by the Turkish Foreign Minister, Siikrii Saracoglu, Stalin asked for modifications to the Montreux Convention to bring the straits under effective Soviet control, but this move was checked when Turkey signed an agreement with Britain and France on 19 October 1939 pledging assistance on the part of the signatories 'in the event of an act of aggression by a European Power leading to war in the Mediterranean area'.
Supposing Russia overran Turkey and Greece or managed to establish a strong foothold on the Eastern Mediterranean littoral and use shore-based aircraft over the Mediterranean, would US naval forces remain unchallenged? It is plausible to argue that, from an American point of view, the difficulty of answering these questions may have enhanced the necessity for acquiring naval and air bases in the eastern and southern parts of the Mediterranean. In other words, if the Atlantic Pact was now the centre of Western Power in Europe, the Mediterranean remained both strategically and politically an essential part ofthe Western deterrent system.
Pravda and Red Star both 37 38 Soviet-Egyptian Relations gave prominent display to a Cairo dispatch that '3000 to 4000 American officers and men were being kept on in Egypt under the pretext of guarding US army equipment'. 3 In early 1946 such propaganda led to an early coincidence of views between the Soviet and Egyptian presses; the Egyptian newspaper AI Mussawar reporting that, 'Last summer we were informed that American troops would leave before November 1945 ... 4 Meanwhile, the Soviet exploited anti-British demonstrations in Egypt in order to heighten agitation and unrest in the country.