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By William Desborough, d. 1883., . Cooley

William Desborough Cooley (1795-1883) was once a geographer and historian, the writer of a suite of influential texts at the improvement of geographical learn, and a key founding member of the Hakluyt Society. First released as an entire set in 1831 as a part of Dionysius Lardner's cupboard Cyclopaedia, this is often the historical past in 3 volumes of the improvement of the geographical sciences via shuttle and exploration. each one quantity is split chronologically by means of old period, tracing the pursuit of geographical discovery by way of either land and sea from the Roman Empire to the Himalayan expeditions of the early 19th century. that includes a entire index, this expertly compiled reference textual content will reduction any research of the heritage of trip and exploration. This moment quantity contains an account of the expeditions of Columbus, in addition to details at the payment of North the USA and the 1st circumnavigation of the Earth in 1522.

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II. COLUMBUS. 19 of Alva, was admitted to an alliance with the first nobility of Spain. The partiality with which mankind are naturally disposed to regard a distinguished character has ascribed all the disappointments which troubled the latter days of Columbus to such an unlucky union of malice and selfishness in all with whom he had to deal, as must necessarily excite the mistrust of those who are unwilling to sacrifice their esteem for human nature in order to exalt a favourite hero. The enthusiastic temper of Columbus, though well calculated to achieve an extraordinary enterprise, was very ill adapted to the delicate task of governing an infant colony.

II. COLUMBUS. 17 most wanton violence on the simple and inoffensive inhabitants. The destruction of the Spaniards by want, the enmity of the natives, and their own dissensions, seemed to be at no great distance. In this lamentable state of affairs, Diego Mendez and Fiesco a Genoese, undertook to cross over to Hispaniola in a canoe purchased from the Indians, and to acquaint the governor with the distressed situation of Columbus and his companions. The hardy enterprize succeeded, and the courageous mariners reached Hispaniola after a voyage of four days.

Thus Pinzon was the first European who crossed the line in the western seas. To the same nagivator is also unquestionably due the discovery of Brazil, which is usually assigned, however, to Pedro Alvarez Cabral, a Portuguese admiral, who, while conducting a fleet to India, and standing out far to the west, in order to avoid the variable winds which prevail near the African continent, arrived unexpectedly on the same shore about three months later than Pinzon, and two degrees farther to the south.

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